tuberculosis, and possibly SARS-CoV Droplet is, technically, a form of contact transmission, respiratory droplets carrying infectious pathogens transmit infection when they travel directly from the respiratory tract of the infectious individual to susceptible mucosal surfaces of the recipient, generally over short distances. Personalities Ignaz Semmelweis – handwashing Louis Pasteur – germ theory Robert Koch – use of bichloride of mercury as an antiseptic Joseph Lister – Father of modern Surgery Gustav Neuber – used mercuric cholride in cleaning his apron Transmission Based Precautions Airborne transmission of infectious agents that remain infectious over long distances when suspended in the air (e.g., rubeola virus, varicella virus, Mycobacterium. o accomplished by creating and maintaining the sterile field o by following aseptic principles aimed at preventing microorganisms from contaminating the surgical wound. is to prevent the contamination of the open surgical wound by isolating the operative site from the surrounding nonsterile environment.includes o patient risk assessment o environmental cleaning o disinfection and sterilization of instrumentation o patient antibiotic prophylaxis o use of standard precautions.Preventing surgical site infection in the operating room.VISA – vancomycin-intermediate S.Principles of Asepsis and Sterile Techniques Primary goal of the surgical team,.VRE – vancomycin-resistant enterococci.MRSA – methicillin/oxacillin-resistant S.Using tissues when coughing or sneezing.ANSWER: The spread of many infectious diseases can be limited or prevented by using commonsense precautions:.Containment of the tuberculosis bacteria Īpply Your Knowledge How can the spread of many infectious diseases can be limited or prevented?.Office measures Use negative pressure area Use personal respirator Apply standard sanitization, disinfection, and sterilization techniques Preventing the Spread of TB Knowing signs and symptoms of common infectious diseases can help protect against exposure Infectious Diseases conditions are not favorable for the pathogen to grow and be transmitted.we have normal defenses to resist infection.many microorganisms are beneficial or harmless.What are the reasons for this? ANSWER: This is because: Microorganisms and Disease (cont.) * Experts disagree as to whether prions are directly responsible for disease or merely aid an unknown agent in causing disease.Īpply Your Knowledge In many cases, we avoid contracting infections when exposed to microorganisms. Conditions are not favorable for pathogens to grow and be transmitted.Many microorganisms are beneficial or harmless.People avoid infections most of the time.Microorganisms capable of causing disease. Remarkable advances in the past century Īpply Your Knowledge Why is the threat of infection still present even though great advances have been made in controlling infections over the past century? ANSWER: The threat of infection is still present because of new diseases and diseases that have become resistant to treatments.History of Infectious Disease Prevention (cont.) Throughout history people have attempted to discover Causes of infection How to prevent infections How to treat infections History of Infectious Disease Prevention 32.10Ğxplain how you can help break the cycle of infection.Īntibiotic-resistant organisms Importance of patient education on the proper use of antibiotics You will learn about: Disease-causing microorganisms How the body fights disease Ways infections occur Introduction Our bodies are amazing structures that defend us against infections under normal circumstances 32.9 Identify and describe the various methods of disease transmission. 32.7Ğxplain how the body’s defenses protect against infection. Learning Outcomes (cont.) 32.6Ğxplain the disease process. 32.5ĝescribe ways you can help prevent antibiotic resistance in health-care settings. 32.4ĝiscuss the importance of preventing antibiotic resistance in a health-care setting. 32.3 List some infectious diseases, and identify their signs and symptoms. 32.2 Identify the types of microorganisms that cause disease. Learning Outcomes 32.1Ğxplain the historical background of infectious disease prevention.
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